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TEX(1) General Commands Manual TEX(1) NAME tex, dvips, dvit, dvicat - text formatting and typesetting SYNOPSIS tex [ first-line ] dvips [ option ... ] dvifile dvit [ option ... ] dvifile dvicat dvifile ... DESCRIPTION Tex formats interspersed text and commands and outputs a (`device inde- pendent') file. An argument given on the command line behaves as the first input line. That line should begin with a (possibly truncated) file name or a Thus processes the file The basename of becomes the jobname, and is used in forming output file names. If no file is named, the jobname is The de- fault extension can be overridden by specifying an extension explic- itly. The output is written on jobname.dvi, which can be printed using lp(1). A log of error messages goes into jobname.log. As well as the standard TeX fonts, many Postscript fonts can be used (see the contents of The file (in the standard macro directory) will print a table of any font. These environment variables adjust the behavior of tex: TEXINPUTS Search path for and files. It should be colon-separated, and start with dot. Default: TEXFONTS Search path for font metric files. Default: TEXFORMATS Search path for format files. Default: TEXPOOL Search path for strings. Default: /usr/lib/tex Template for the switch-to-editor-on-error option, with for the filename and for the line number. Default: Dvips and dvit convert files to Postscript and troff output format, re- spectively, writing the result on standard output. They are invoked by lp(1) and accept a subset of lp options that make sense for files. In the -opagelist option for only printing selected pages, the numbers re- fer to TeX page numbers. In addition, there is a -Tdev option, where dev is one of (default for dvips), (default for dvit), or (the computer center's high resolution Postscript service). The or options should be used for preparing output for proof(9.1) or psi(9.1). When converting a number of short files to Postscript or using lp to print them, it is much more efficient first to combine them via dvicat. Simply concatinating files would not work, but dvicat achieves this ef- fect and sends the result to standard output. Since the output is in binary, it must be directed to a file or piped into lp. The following environment variables affect dvips: Search path for font bitmaps (PK files). Search path for `virtual font' descriptions. Dvips and dvit understand some extended graphics commands that can be output using tpic specials in the TeX source. Many of them work by building up a path of x,y pairs, and then doing something with the path. The tpic coordinate system has its origin at the current dvi po- sition when a drawing special is emitted; all length arguments are in units of milli-inches, and the y-axis goes positive downward. \special{pa x y} Add x,y to the current path. \special{fp} Flush the current path: draw it as a polygonal line and reset the path to be empty. \special{da dlen} Like fp but draw dashed line, with dashes dlen milli-inches long. \special{dt slen} Like fp but draw a dotted line, with dots slen apart. \special{sp} Like fp but draw a quadratic spline. The spline goes through the midpoints of the segments of the path, and straight pieces extend it to the endpoints. \special{ar x y xr yr s e} Draw a circular or elliptical arc with center at x,y and radii xr and yr. The arc goes clockwise from angle s to angle e (an- gles measured clockwise from the positive x-axis). \special{pn n} Set line width (pen diameter) to nmilli-inches. \special{bk} Set shading to black (will fill the next object drawn with black). \special{sh} Set shading to grey. \special{wh} Set shading to white. \special{psfile=file options} (Only dvips). Include file, which should be a Postscript illus- tration, making its origin be the current dvi position. The de- fault Postscript transformation matrix will be in effect, but it can be modified by the options, a list of key=value assignments. Allowed keys are: hoffset, voffset, hscale, vscale, and rotate. If supplied, these values are supplied to Postscript trans- late,scale, and rotate" commands, in that order. Also, keys hsize and vsize may be supplied, to cause clipping to those sizes. \special{include horg yorg file} (Only dvit). Include the troff(1) output file at the current place on TeX's page. The included file should have only one page. The horg and yorg distances give the origin of the in- cluded file; that point will be superimposed on the current po- sition. All of the specials leave TeX at the same position on the page that it started in. FILES macros and preloaded format files more TeX-related documentation font metrics PostScript virtual font metrics bitmaps for canon engines (300 dpi) bitmaps for Linotron (1270 dpi) miscellaneous configuration files and Postscript headers SEE ALSO latex(6), pic(1), lp(1), proof(9.1), psi(9.1), troff(1), monk(1) Donald E. Knuth, The TEXbook, Addison Wesley, 1986 BUGS It should be possible to make TeX output go on standard output. TEX(1)