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rz(7) Miscellaneous Information Manual rz(7) NAME rz - SCSI disk interface SYNOPSIS Digital AlphaServer 8200 and Digital AlphaServer 8400 Qlogic ISP1020: bus tlsb0 at nexus? bus tiop0 at tlsb0 vector tioperror bus isp0 at * vector ispintr controller scsi0 at * vector scsiintr controller scsi1 at * vector scsiintr Digital AlphaServer 8200 and Digital AlphaServer 8400 DEC KZMSA: bus tlsb0 at nexus? bus tiop0 at tlsb0 vector tioperror bus xmi0 at tiop? vector xmierror bus xza0 at xmi? controller scsi0 at * vector scsiintr controller scsi1 at * vector scsiintr DEC 7000/10000 DEC KZMSA: bus lsb0 at nexus? bus iop0 at lsb0 vector ioperror bus xmi0 at iop0 vector xmierror bus xza0 at xmi? controller scsi0 at * vector scsiintr controller scsi1 at * vector scsiintr DEC 4000 DEC SIOP: bus ibus0 at nexus? bus lbus0 at ibus0 bus siop0 at lbus0 slot 0 vector siopcointr controller scsi0 at * vector scsiintr DEC 3000 NCR ASC: bus tc0 at nexus? bus tcds0 at * vector tcdsintr controller scsi0 at * vector scsiintr controller scsi1 at * vector scsiintr DEC 3000 DEC KZTSA: bus tc0 at nexus? bus tza0 at * vector kztsaintr controller scsi0 at * vector scsiintr DEC PCI bus DEC KZPSA: bus pci0 at * bus pza0 at pci? vector pzaintr controller scsi0 at * vector scsiintr DEC PCI bus NCR 810: bus pci0 at * bus psiop at pci? vector psiopintr controller scsi0 at * vector scsiintr DEC PCI bus Qlogic ISP1020: bus pci0 at * bus isp0 at * vector ispintr controller scsi0 at * vector scsiintr DEC EISA bus Adaptec 1740: bus eisa0 at * bus aha0 at * vector ahaintr controller scsi0 at * vector scsiintr DEC PCI bus ITI 875: bus pci0 at * bus itpsa at pci? vector itpsaintr controller scsi0 at * vector scsiintr DESCRIPTION The rz driver is for all Digital Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) disk drives. The following rules are used to determine the major and minor numbers that are associated with an rz type disk. There is one major number used to represent rz disks. The minor number is used to represent both the SCSI unit number and partition. A disk partition refers to a des- ignated portion of the physical disk. To accomplish this, the 20-bit minor number is broken up into two parts. The low six bits of the mi- nor number specify a disk partition. The partitions use a letter, a through h, as their name. The next 14 bits of the minor number specify the SCSI unit number within a group of disks. The device special file names associated with rz disks are based on conventions that are closely associated with the minor number assigned to the disk. The standard device names begin with rz for the block special file and rrz for the raw (character) special file. Following the rz is the logical device number and then a letter, a through h, that represents the partition. Throughout this reference page, the question mark (?) character represents the logical device number in the name of the device special file. For example, rz?b could represent rz0b, rz1b, and so on. The SCSI unit number can be calculated if the major and minor number of an rz disk is provided. For example, for the device special file rrz6a, the major number is 8 and the minor number is 6144. The parti- tion is represented by the lower six bits of the number 6144. The lower six bits are 0, which specifies the a partition. The next four bits of the minor number 6144 specify the SCSI logical unit number (LUN), which is 0. The next four bits of 6144 specify the target ID of 6. The next six bits specify the SCSI bus number, which is 0. Because 8 is the base major number, it represents the group of SCSI disks. Putting all these pieces together reveals that the major/minor number pair 8/6144 refers to the a partition of SCSI unit 6. A disk can be accessed through either the block special file or the character special file. The block special file accesses the disk using the file system's normal buffering mechanism. Reads and writes to the block special file can specify any size. This avoids the need to limit data transfers to the size of physical disk records and to calculate offsets within disk records. The file system can break up large read and write requests into smaller fixed-size transfers to the disk. The character special file provides a raw interface that allows for di- rect transmission between the disk and the user's read or write buffer. A single read or write to the raw interface results in exactly one I/O operation. Consequently, raw I/O may be considerably more efficient for large transfers. For systems with SCSI disks, the first software boot after the system is powered on may take longer than expected. This delay is normal and is caused by the software spinning up the SCSI disk drives. Disk Support This driver handles all disk drives that can be connected to the SCSI bus. Consult the Software Product Description (SPD) to determine which drives are supported for which CPU types and hardware configurations. SCSI RAID Controllers are viewed in most cases as RZ-type disks. There are some differences that should be taken into consideration when con- figuring a RAID device: Currently, only sector sizes of 512 bytes are supported. Logical Volume sizes are not a fixed size as compared to other SCSI disk devices. The size of the Logical Volume is config- urable based on needs. The DYNAMIC nature of Logical Volume sizes is dealt with by defining RAID devices as DYNAMIC. Only partitions a, b, c, and g are defined. If needed, the disklabel(8) command can be run to change and define partitions for RAID devices. Usually, the rz?a partition is used for the root file system and the rz?b partition as a paging area. The rz?c partition can be used for disk-to-disk copying because it maps the entire disk. The starting location and length (in 512-byte sectors) of the disk par- titions of each drive are shown in the following tables. Partition sizes can be changed by using the disklabel(8) command. RZ24L Partitions Disk Start Length rz?a 0 40960 rz?b 40960 122880 rz?c 0 479350 rz?d 163840 105170 rz?e 269010 105170 rz?f 374180 105170 rz?g 163840 315510 rz?h 0 0 RZ25 Partitions Disk Start Length rz?a 0 131072 rz?b 131072 262144 rz?c 0 832527 rz?d 393216 146437 rz?e 539653 146437 rz?f 686090 146437 rz?g 393216 439311 rz?h 0 0 RZ25L and RZ25M Partitions Disk Start Length rz?a 0 131072 rz?b 131072 262144 rz?c 0 1046206 rz?d 393216 217663 rz?e 610879 217663 rz?f 828542 217664 rz?g 393216 652990 rz?h 0 0 RZ26, RZ26L, and RZ26N Partitions Disk Start Length rz?a 0 131072 rz?b 131072 262144 rz?c 0 2050860 rz?d 393216 552548 rz?e 945764 552548 rz?f 1498312 552548 rz?g 393216 819200 rz?h 1212416 838444 RZ28, RZ28B, and RZ28M Partitions Disk Start Length rz?a 0 131072 rz?b 131072 401408 rz?c 0 4110480 rz?d 532480 1191936 rz?e 1724416 1191936 rz?f 2916352 1194128 rz?g 532480 1787904 rz?h 2320384 1790096 RZ29B Partitions Disk Start Length rz?a 0 131072 rz?b 131072 401408 rz?c 0 8380080 rz?d 532480 2623488 rz?e 3155968 2623488 rz?f 5779456 2600624 rz?g 532480 3936256 rz?h 4468736 3911344 RZ55 Partitions Disk Start Length rz?a 0 131072 rz?b 131072 262144 rz?c 0 649040 rz?d 0 0 rz?e 0 0 rz?f 0 0 rz?g 393216 255824 rz?h 0 0 RZ56 Partitions Disk Start Length rz?a 0 131072 rz?b 131072 262144 rz?c 0 1299174 rz?d 393216 301986 rz?e 695202 301986 rz?f 997188 301986 rz?g 393216 819200 rz?h 1212416 86758 RZ58 Partitions Disk Start Length rz?a 0 131072 rz?b 131072 262144 rz?c 0 2698061 rz?d 393216 768281 rz?e 1161497 768282 rz?f 1929779 768282 rz?g 393216 819200 rz?h 1212416 1485645 RZ73 Partitions Disk Start Length rz?a 0 131072 rz?b 131072 262144 rz?c 0 3907911 rz?d 393216 1171565 rz?e 1564781 1171565 rz?f 2736346 1171565 rz?g 393216 819200 rz?h 1212416 2695495 RZ74 Partitions Disk Start Length rz?a 0 131072 rz?b 131072 393216 rz?c 0 6976375 rz?d 524288 2150400 rz?e 2674688 2150400 rz?f 4825088 2151287 rz?g 524288 3225600 rz?h 3749888 3226487 HSZ10 and HSZ40 (RAID) Partitions Disk Start Length rz?a 0 131072 rz?b 131072 262144 rz?c 0 end of media rz?d 0 0 rz?e 0 0 rz?f 0 0 rz?g 393216 end of media rz?h 0 0 RRD42, RRD43, and RRD44 (Read-Only) Partitions (CD-ROM) Disk Start Length rz?a 0 (size varies per CD) rz?b 0 0 rz?c 0 (size varies per CD) rz?d 0 0 rz?e 0 0 rz?f 0 0 rz?g 0 0 rz?h 0 0 RX23HD and RX26HD Partitions (High-Density) Disk Start Length rz?a 0 2880 rz?b 0 0 rz?c 0 2880 rz?d 0 0 rz?e 0 0 rz?f 0 0 rz?g 0 0 rz?h 0 0 RX23DD and RX26DD Partitions (Double-Density) Disk Start Length rz?a 0 1440 rz?b 0 0 rz?c 0 1440 rz?d 0 0 rz?e 0 0 rz?f 0 0 rz?g 0 0 rz?h 0 0 RX23SD and RX26SD Partitions (Single-Density) Disk Start Length rz?a 0 720 rz?b 0 0 rz?c 0 720 rz?d 0 0 rz?e 0 0 rz?f 0 0 rz?g 0 0 rz?h 0 0 RX26 Partitions (Extra-Density Floppy) Disk Start Length rz?a 0 5760 rz?b 0 0 rz?c 0 5760 rz?d 0 0 rz?e 0 0 rz?f 0 0 rz?g 0 0 rz?h 0 0 RX33 Partitions (Extra-Density) Disk Start Length rz?a 0 2400 rz?b 0 0 rz?c 0 2400 rz?d 0 0 rz?e 0 0 rz?f 0 0 rz?g 0 0 rz?h 0 0 RX33HD Partitions (High-Density) Disk Start Length rz?a 0 1440 rz?b 0 0 rz?c 0 1440 rz?d 0 0 rz?e 0 0 rz?f 0 0 rz?g 0 0 rz?h 0 0 RX33DD Partitions (Double-Density) Disk Start Length rz?a 0 800 rz?b 0 0 rz?c 0 800 rz?d 0 0 rz?e 0 0 rz?f 0 0 rz?g 0 0 rz?h 0 0 RX33SD Partitions (Single-Density) Disk Start Length rz?a 0 720 rz?b 0 0 rz?c 0 720 rz?d 0 0 rz?e 0 0 rz?f 0 0 rz?g 0 0 rz?h 0 0 EXAMPLES The following example shows the configuration specification that you might have for a DEC 3000 Model 500 system with a PMAZC controller in slot 0 and KZTSA devices in slots 1 and 2: bus tc0 at nexus? bus tcds0 at tc0 slot 6 vector tcdsintr # onboard scsi bus tcds1 at tc0 slot 0 vector tcdsintr # PMAZC in tc slot 0 bus tza0 at tc0 slot 1 vector kztsaintr # KZTSA in tc slot 1 bus tza1 at tc0 slot 2 vector kztsaintr # KZTSA in tc slot 2 controller scsi0 at tcds0 slot 0 vector scsiintr # Internal port controller scsi1 at tcds0 slot 1 vector scsiintr # External port controller scsi2 at tcds1 slot 0 vector scsiintr # A port controller scsi3 at tcds1 slot 1 vector scsiintr # B port controller scsi4 at tza0 slot 0 vector scsiintr con- troller scsi5 at tza1 slot 0 vector scsiintr FILES /dev/rz??? /dev/rrz??? /etc/disktab RELATED INFORMATION RAID(7), SCSI(7), tz(7), disklabel(8), MAKEDEV(8), uerf(8) delim off rz(7)