MAKEFS(8) FreeBSD System Manager's Manual MAKEFS(8)
NAME
makefs - create a file system image from a directory tree
SYNOPSIS
makefs [-b free-blocks] [-f free-files] [-M minimum-size]
[-m maximum-size] [-O offset] [-o fs-options] [-S sector-size]
[-s image-size] [-T timestamp] [-t fs-type] image-file directory
DESCRIPTION
The utility makefs creates a file system image into image-file from the
directory tree directory. No special devices or privileges are required
to perform this task.
The options are as follows:
-b free-blocks
Ensure that a minimum of free-blocks exist in the image. An
optional `%' suffix may be provided to indicate that free-blocks
indicates a percentage of the calculated image size.
-f free-files
Ensure that a minimum of free-files (inodes) exist in the image.
An optional `%' suffix may be provided to indicate that free-files
indicates a percentage of the calculated image size.
-M minimum-size
Set the minimum size of the file system image to minimum-size.
-m maximum-size
Set the maximum size of the file system image to maximum-size. An
error will be raised if the target file system needs to be larger
than this to accommodate the provided directory tree.
-O offset
Instead of creating the file system at the beginning of the file,
start at offset. Valid only for ffs and msdos.
-o fs-options
Set file system specific options. fs-options is a comma separated
list of options. Valid file system specific options are detailed
below.
-S sector-size
Set the file system sector size to sector-size. Defaults to 512.
-s image-size
Set the size of the file system image to image-size.
-T timestamp
Specify a timestamp to be set for all file system files and
directories created so that repeatable builds are possible. The
timestamp is an integer value interpreted as the number of seconds
from the Epoch.
-t fs-type
Create an fs-type file system image. The following file system
types are supported:
cd9660 ISO 9660 file system.
ffs BSD Fast File System (the default).
msdos FAT12, FAT16, or FAT32 file system.
Sizes are specified as a decimal number of bytes and may use a
multiplier, as documented in scan_scaled(3). Two or more numbers may be
separated by an `x' to indicate a product.
ffs options
ffs images have ffs-specific optional parameters that may be provided.
Each of the options consists of a keyword, an equal sign (`='), and a
value. The following keywords are supported:
avgfilesize Expected average file size.
avgfpdir Expected number of files per directory.
bsize Block size.
density Bytes per inode.
disklabel Name of a disk described in disktab(5). A disklabel
with the information will be written at a machine
dependent location in the image. The size of the
file system image, the sector size and the bsize and
fsize parameters are inferred from the disklabel.
extent Maximum extent size.
fsize Fragment size.
label Label name of the image.
maxbpcg Maximum total number of blocks in a cylinder group.
maxbpg Maximum blocks per file in a cylinder group.
minfree Minimum % free.
optimization Optimization preference: one of `space' (default) or
`time'.
rdroot A disklabel appropriate for a ramdisk will be built
and written at a machine dependent location in the
image. The filesystem will be described by a
FS_BSDFFS partition `a', with defaults offset=0,
fsize=512, bsize=4096, minfree=0 and density=4096.
version UFS version. 1 for FFS (default) or 2 for UFS2.
cd9660 options
cd9660 images have ISO9660-specific optional parameters that may be
provided. The arguments consist of a keyword and, optionally, an equal
sign (`='), and a value. The following keywords are supported:
allow-deep-trees Allow the directory structure to exceed the
maximum specified in the spec.
allow-multidot Allow multiple dots in a filename.
applicationid Application ID of the image.
boot-load-segment Set load segment for the boot image.
bootimage Filename of a boot image in the format
"sysid;filename", where "sysid" is one of
`i386', `macppc', `powerpc', or `efi'.
generic-bootimage Load a generic boot image into the first 32K
of the CD9660 image.
hard-disk-boot Boot image is a hard disk image.
isolevel ISO Level.
label Label name of the image.
no-boot Boot image is not bootable.
no-emul-boot Boot image is a "no emulation" ElTorito
image.
no-trailing-padding Do not pad the image (apparently Linux needs
the padding).
omit-trailing-period Omit trailing periods in filenames.
preparer Preparer ID of the image.
publisher Publisher ID of the image.
rockridge Use RockRidge extensions (for longer
filenames, etc.).
volumeid Volume set identifier of the image.
msdos options
msdos images have MS-DOS-specific optional parameters that may be
provided. The arguments consist of a keyword, an equal sign (`='), and a
value. The following keywords are supported:
backup_sector Location of the backup boot sector.
block_size Block size.
bootstrap Bootstrap file.
bytes_per_sector Bytes per sector.
create_size Create file size.
directory_entries Directory entries.
drive_heads Drive heads.
fat_type FAT type (12, 16, or 32).
floppy Preset drive parameters for standard format
floppy disks (160, 180, 320, 360, 640, 720,
1200, 1232, 1440, or 2880).
hidden_sectors Hidden sectors.
info_sector Location of the info sector.
media_descriptor Media descriptor.
num_FAT Number of FATs.
OEM_string OEM string.
offset Offset in device.
reserved_sectors Reserved sectors.
sectors_per_cluster Sectors per cluster.
sectors_per_fat Sectors per FAT.
sectors_per_track Sectors per track.
size File System size.
volume_id Volume ID.
volume_label Volume Label.
SEE ALSO
scan_scaled(3), installboot(8), newfs(8)
HISTORY
The makefs utility appeared in NetBSD 1.6.
AUTHORS
Luke Mewburn <
[email protected]> (original program), Daniel Watt, Walter
Deignan, Ryan Gabrys, Alan Perez-Rathke, Ram Vedam (cd9660 support), and
Christos Zoulas (msdos support).
FreeBSD 14.1-RELEASE-p8 April 25, 2023 FreeBSD 14.1-RELEASE-p8