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latcp(8) System Manager's Manual latcp(8) NAME latcp - Local Area Transport (LAT) Control Program SYNOPSIS /usr/sbin/latcp [ flags ] FLAGS This section is organized by the tasks you can perform with the latcp command. Each task subsection provides the latcp command syntax and the flags to use to complete the tasks. Starting LAT Syntax: latcp -s Starts LAT and enables LAT connections. If the following LAT parameters have not been set, they take on the default values: Node name -- The default value is the host name. Multicast timer -- The de- fault value is 60 seconds. Network adapter -- The default is all net- work adapters connected to broadcast media. Service name -- The de- fault value is taken from the LAT node name parameter. This default service is an unbound interactive service. The following parameters are set to the following defaults for each service, unless specified: Service description -- The de- fault value is ``DIGITAL UNIX Version X.X LAT SERVICE.'' Rating -- The default is dynamic rating. Group code -- The default value is 0. Outgoing port groups -- The default value is 0. Agent status -- The default is disabled. Maximum number of learned services -- The default value is 100. Halting LAT Syntax: latcp -h Shuts down LAT and disables LAT connections. Adding a Service on a Host Node Syntax: latcp -A -aservice [-idescription] [-o | -ptty_list] Adds a service on the host node. Specifies the name of the service to add. The service name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section. Sets the service identification to the value specified by the descrip- tion field. The description field can contain up to 64 characters. If the field contains more than one word, you must enclose the string in double quotation marks ("). If you do not specify a value for the de- scription field, the default identification string (``DIGITAL UNIX Ver- sion X.X LAT Service'') is used. Indicates that the service you are adding is an optional or dedicated service to be used by specialized applications (such as an application service). For example, you must use the -o flag when adding the service used for the LAT/Telnet gate- way. Do not specify this flag with the -p flag. For more information, refer to the Network Administration manual. Services added without the -o flag are default services. These services are used for making interactive connections to the DIG- ITAL UNIX LAT host through getty entries that are spawned from the /etc/inittab file. Identifies this service as a bound in- teractive service, and binds the specified LAT terminal devices to the named service. See lat_intro(7) for a description of bound services. Do not specify this flag with the -o flag. The tty_list can be a single LAT terminal device or a list of LAT terminal devices separated by commas with no spaces. The LAT terminal device name syntax is only restricted by the name of the LAT terminal device in the device directory. The follow- ing example adds the bound interactive service siteapp and binds devices 620, 621, 622, and 623 to the service. # latcp -A -asiteapp -p620,621,622,623 Mapping an Application Port Syntax: latcp -A -ptty -Hremote_node {-Rremote_port | -Vremote_service} [-Q] [-wpassword | -W] Maps an application port on the host node. Identifies the LAT terminal device to be mapped to an application port. The LAT terminal device name syntax is only re- stricted by the name of the LAT terminal device in the device direc- tory. Application ports are typically not mapped using a LAT terminal device that is also used in the /etc/inittab file. This is only done if a dedicated terminal device (tty) on a specific terminal is desired. For information on how to provide a dedicated tty on a terminal, see the Network Administration manual. If a connection is to be made to a specific port for a service, specify the server port name. No default values are available for the input fields when creating an application port. Identi- fies the remote node (terminal server) to be mapped to the LAT terminal device specified by -ptty. The -H flag is required for mapping application ports. The remote node name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section. Identifies the name of the remote port on a server that is to be mapped to the LAT terminal device specified by -ptty. The remote port name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section. Do not use this flag with the -V flag. Identifies the service name offered by the server that is to be mapped to the LAT ter- minal device specified by -ptty. The service name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section. Do not use this flag with the -R flag. Specifies that the type of access requested is nonqueued. There are two types of access requests: queued and nonqueued. A queued or nonqueued request is accepted by the server if the remote port is free. If the remote port is busy and queuing is enabled on the server, a queued request is queued on the server until the port becomes available; a non- queued request is rejected immediately. If you do not specify the -Q flag, the application port is set to queued by default. Allows the user to specify the password for the remote service that will be accessed through the mapped application port. When the remote service to be accessed has password checking enabled, this password is needed or the con- nection is rejected. The password is not case sensitive and spaces are disallowed. When using the -w option, the password is specified on the com- mand line and is visible. When the -W option is used, the user will be prompted for the password and it will not be echoed. The -w option should be used when adding this command to the LAT /etc/latstartup.conf startup file. When you use this method, it is recommended that the /etc/latstartup.conf file have read and write permission for root only. To change (or remove) the password, delete the application port (latcp -D -ptty) and add it back with the new password (or with- out a password). Mapping an Outgoing Port Syntax: latcp -A -ptty -O -V learned_service [-Hremote_node [-Rremote_port ]] [-wpassword | -W] Maps an port on the host node. The -O flag identifies the type of port. Identifies the LAT terminal device to be mapped to an outgoing port. The LAT terminal device name syntax is only restricted by the name of the LAT terminal device in the device directory. Identifies the mapped port as an outgoing port. Identifies the service name offered by the remote node that is to be mapped to the LAT terminal device specified by -ptty. The service name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section. Iden- tifies the remote node that provides the service specified by -Vlearned_Service. The -H flag is optional when mapping an outgoing port. The remote node name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section. Identifies the name of the remote port on the re- mote node (remote_node) that provides the service specified by -Vlearned_Service. The -R flag must be specified with the -H flag, but is optional. The remote port name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section. Allows the user to specify the password for the remote service that will be accessed through the outgoing port. When the remote service to be accessed has password checking enabled, this password is needed or the connection is rejected. The password is not case sensitive and spaces are disallowed. When using the -w option, the password is specified on the com- mand line and is visible. When the -W option is used, the user will be prompted for the password and it will not be echoed. The -w option should be used when adding this command to the LAT /etc/latstartup.conf startup file. When you use this method, it is recommended that the /etc/latstartup.conf file have read and write permission for root only. To change (or remove) the password, delete the outgoing port (latcp -D -ptty) and add it back with the new password (or with- out a password). Adding a Reserved Service Syntax: latcp -A -V reserved_service Adds a reserved service on the host node. Specifies the name of the reserved service to add. A reserved service is a permanent entry in the learned services database. The reserved service name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section. If the reserved service does not exist, a new reserved service is created. If the specified reserved service is an existing learned service, the learned service is marked as a reserved service. Setting the Maximum Number of Learned Services Syntax: latcp -ccount Sets the maximum number of learned services in the local learned services database to count. The value of count can range from 0 to 1000. The actual number of learned services can range from 1 to 1000. A value of zero (0) indicates that the maximum number of learned services is restricted by the amount of system memory. By default, the maximum number of learned services is 100. Deleting Services and Ports Syntax: latcp -D {-aservice | -vreserved_service | -ptty_list} Deletes a ser- vice or reserved service, or unmaps an application port or outgoing port from the host node. You must specify either a service (-a), a re- served service (-v), or a port (-p) with the -D flag. Specifies the service to be deleted. When a service is deleted, active sessions as- sociated with the service remain. When a service is deleted, it is no longer available to terminal server users. If a service name is not specified, an error mes- sage is generated. Specifies the name of the reserved service to be deleted. When a reserved service is deleted, active ses- sions associated with the service remain. When a reserved service is deleted, it is removed from the learned service database on the host node. Unmaps the specified list of LAT terminal devices from the application port or outgo- ing port to which they were bound. The list can be a single LAT terminal device or a list of LAT terminal devices separated by commas. When you delete a bound interactive service the ttys bound to it are unbound. If the ttys remain in the /etc/inittab file they will become associated with any existing unbound interactive services. For more information, see the description in the "Binding and Unbinding LAT Devices to Bound Interactive Ser- vices" section. If there is only one unbound interactive service running on the system, you cannot delete it. When an application port is unmapped, the port is unmapped from its associated virtual terminal line; any active session remains active. Binding and Unbinding LAT Devices to Bound Interactive Services Syntax: latcp [-p | -P]tty_list -aservice Binds (-p) or unbinds (-P) the speci- fied list of LAT terminal devices to the specified bound interactive service. The list can be a single LAT terminal device or a list of LAT terminal devices separated by commas. The following example binds LAT devices 620, 621, 622, and 623 to the bound interactive service siteapp. Not that only the last component of the LAT terminal devices needs to be specified (for example, 620 instead of /dev/lat/620). # latcp -p 620,621,622,623 -asiteapp When you bind LAT terminal devices to a service, they cannot be used for other services. When LAT terminal devices are unbound from a bound interactive service, the devices should be removed from the /etc/inittab file before you unbind them. If the entries remain in the /etc/inittab file after you unbind them from the service, the getty process running on that device exits and is respawned. When the getty process is respawned, the device becomes associ- ated with the existing unbound interactive services. If this behavior is not desired, remove the entries from the /etc/init- tab file. Specifies the service to be bound or unbound. Setting the Service Identification Syntax: latcp -idescription -aservice Sets the service identification to the specified value. The description field can contain up to 64 charac- ters. If the field contains more than one word, you must enclose the string in double quotation marks ("). Specifies the service for which you are changing the service identification. The -aservice flag is required. The service name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section. Enabling and Disabling Service Node Groups Syntax: latcp [-g | -G]list -aservice Enables (-g) and disables (-G) the ser- vice node groups specified in the list. Group codes can range from 0 to 255. Group 0 is enabled by default for all service nodes and servers. Specifies the service name. The -aservice flag is required. The service name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section. The following example specifies a single node group of 128 for the service siteapp: # latcp -g 128 -asiteapp If you enter a group list, use commas (,) to separate individual groups. The following example shows multiple node groups being specified for the service transapp: # latcp -g 56,5,102,10,20,30,40,50,60,..., 110,150,200,210,255 -atransapp If the string exceeds the width of the screen, it must wrap to the following line. You cannot use a carriage return to break a string. Note that the individual group codes are separated by commas with no spaces. Enabling and Disabling Node Agent Status Syntax: latcp [-j | -J] Enables (-j) and disables (-J) node agent status. When a node tries to connect to a service that is not in its learned service database, it transmits a solicit message to re- quest service information. When a node with node agent status enabled receives a solicit message, the node responds with a re- sponse information message containing the service information, if it has information about the service. To reduce the amount of network traffic from response informa- tion messages, Digital recommends that node agent status be dis- abled. By default, node agent status is disabled. Purging Non-Reserved Services Syntax: latcp -Y Purges all of the existing non-reserved learned services; re- served learned services are not purged. After the non-reserved learned services are purged, if the sys- tem receives a Service Announcement Message for a service, the service is added to the learned service database. Specifying Service Ratings Syntax: latcp -xrating -aservice Specifying a rating of -1 causes service rat- ings to be calculated dynamically based on the node's activity. The service ratings are placed in service announcement messages multicasted to all LAT nodes. Specifying a rating of 0 through 255 causes the rating to be static for the named service. Specifying a service rating of 0 makes the service less available to users; specifying 255 makes the service highly available. The default rating is dynamic. Specifies the service name. The -aservice flag is required. The service name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section. Setting the Node Name Syntax: latcp -nnode Sets the node name to the name specified with the node ar- gument. The node name specifies the name by which the node will be known. The node name must be unique within the LAT network and must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section. The default node name is the value of the utsname.nodename field defined in <sys/utsname.h>. If the utsname.nodename field con- tains a period (.), the LAT node name is truncated to contain the characters (16 characters maximum) that occur before the first period. Setting the Multicast Transmission Timer Syntax: latcp -mtime Sets multicast transmission timer to the specified time in seconds. A node advertises its presence to other LAT nodes by sending out a multicast message over the network. The multicast timer deter- mines the time between the multicast messages. Valid intervals range from 10 to 180 seconds. (The default is 60 seconds.) Displaying LAT Parameters on the Host Node Syntax: latcp -d Displays LAT characteristics on the host node. For example, the following command shows the LAT parameters at their current set- ting: # /usr/sbin/latcp -d Node name: SERVICE1 Multicast timer: 60 seconds LAT version: 5 ECO: 2 Outgoing Port Groups: 0 Selected Interface Name(s): fza0 ln0 LAT Protocol is active Agent Status: Disabled Maximum Number of Learned Services: 100 Service information Service name: SERVICE1 Service ID: DIGITAL UNIX Version n.n LAT SERVICE Rating: Dynamic 255 Groups: 0 Service information Service name: BOUNDSVC (Bound) Service ID: DIGITAL UNIX Version n.n LAT SERVICE Rating: Dynamic 255 Groups: 0 Ports: 620 Service information Service name: DEDICATED (Optional) Service ID: DIGITAL UNIX Version n.n LAT SERVICE Rating: Dynamic 255 Groups: 0 A service without Bound or Optional next to the name is an unbound interactive service. For bound services, the display includes a Ports entry that shows the LAT terminal devices (ttys) that are bound to the bound interactive service. Displaying Learned Services Syntax: latcp -d -l [-vlearned_service] Displays LAT characteristics specified by the following flag. Displays current learned services. For exam- ple: # /usr/sbin/latcp -d -l Number of Available Services: 98 Available Services: Service Name Status Identification ADJECT AVAILABLE DIGITAL UNIX Version Vn.n LAT SERVICE ALFIKR AVAILABLE DIGITAL UNIX Version Vn.n LAT SERVICE ANDERSON AVAIL- ABLE DIGITAL UNIX Version Xn.n LAT SERVICE ARCHIE AVAILABLE DIGITAL UNIX Version Vn.n LAT SERVICE Displays information about learned_service. The learned service name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION section. For example: # /usr/sbin/latcp -d -l -vzipcode Available Service: ZIPCODE Node Name Status Rating Identification ZIPCODE AVAILABLE 155 DIGITAL UNIX Version Vn.n LAT SERVICE Displaying LAT Characteristics for a Remote Node Syntax: latcp -d -Hremote_node Displays LAT characteristics specified by the following flag. Displays characteristics for remote_node. The remote node name must conform to the rules specified in the DESCRIPTION sec- tion. For example: # /usr/sbin/latcp -d -Hzipcode LATCP Remote Node Characteristics for ZIPCODE Ethernet Address: 08-00-2b-39-ba-c8 LAT version: 5 ECO: 2 Identification: DIGITAL UNIX Version Vn.n LAT NODE Node Groups: 0 Number of Available Services: 1 Available Services: Service Name Status Identification ZIPCODE AVAILABLE DIGITAL UNIX Version Vn.n LAT SERVICE Displaying LAT Counters for Remote Nodes Syntax: latcp -d -C Displays LAT characteristics specified by the following flag. Displays counter information for the remote nodes with which the host currently has a virtual circuit. For example: # /usr/sbin/latcp -d -C LATCP Server Counters for SERVER1 120 Seconds since last reset 0 Fwd out-of-seq messages 22 Run messages received 0 Retransmitted messages 26 Run messages transmitted 0 Bad circuit messages 20 Slots received 0 Bad circuit slots 22 Slots transmitted 0 Accepted host-initiated 104 Bytes received 0 Rejected host-initiated 0 Duplicate messages 0 Multiple nodes seen Displaying LAT Counters for the Host Node Syntax: latcp -d -N Displays LAT characteristics specified by the following flag. Displays counter information for the local host node. For exam- ple: # /usr/sbin/latcp -d -N LATCP Node Counters 160020 Seconds since last reset 0 Fwd out-of-seq messages 283 Run messages received 0 Retransmitted messages 301 Run messages transmitted 0 Bad circuit messages 191 Slots received 0 Bad circuit slots 191 Slots transmitted 0 Accepted host-initiated 937 Bytes received 0 Rejected host-initiated 0 Duplicate messages 0 Multiple nodes seen LATCP Node Statistics 2 Circuits created 0 Circuit timeouts 9 Sessions created 2826 Service messages xmit 285 Frames received 2826 Service messages recv 3130 Frames transmitted 2826 Service messages used 0 Illegal frames LATCP Node Errors 0 Circuit Start 0 HIC Solicit 0 Circuit Run 0 HIC Response 0 Circuit Halt 0 HIC Command 0 Service Announcement 0 HIC Status 0 Other Message Displaying Remote Node Addresses and Sessions Syntax: latcp -d -S Displays LAT characteristics specified by the following flag. Displays the address of the remote nodes and the number of ses- sions with which the host currently has a virtual circuit. For exam- ple: # /usr/sbin/latcp -d -S LATCP Server Characteristics for MABBAM Ethernet address: 08-00-2B- a3-90-85 Number of Active Circuits: 1 Number of Active Sessions: 1 Displaying Port Characteristics on the Host Node Syntax: latcp -d -P [-ptty_list | -L | -I | -O] Displays LAT characteristics specified by the following flag. Displays the characteristics for ports on the host node. If this flag is issued without an argument, all application ports, active interactive sessions, and outgoing ports on the host node are displayed. Identifies the LAT terminal devices for which data is to be printed. The list can be a single LAT terminal device or a list of LAT terminal devices separated by commas. Do not use with the -L, -I, and -O flags. Sets the display of port character- istics to display all application ports. Do not use with the -p, -I, and -O flags. Sets the display of port characteristics to display all interactive ports. Do not use with the -p, -L, and -O flags. Sets the display of port characteristics to display all outgoing ports. Do not use with the -p, -L, and -I flags. Adding and Removing Adapters Syntax: latcp [-e | -E]adapter Adds (-e) or removes (-E) the specified adapter to or from the list of adapters over which LAT can run. If no adapters are defined before you start LAT, latcp searches for all suitable adapters and starts LAT on them. To prevent this from occurring, you can define adapters in the /etc/lat- startup.conf file by including latcp -e commands for the spe- cific adapters. If you remove an adapter, all active sessions running over the adapter are terminated. If there is only one adapter on the system, you cannot delete it. If you remove an adapter and add another one, issue a latcp -s command to force a service an- nouncement message. Clearing LAT Counters Syntax: latcp -z Sets to zero all counters displayed by the -d -C and -d -N op- tions. You can test system performance over time by setting the coun- ters to zero and observing the information that accumulates. Resetting LAT Parameters Syntax: latcp -r Resets the LAT parameters to the default values. See the -s option for information. All services (except the default service) are deleted. If that service was an optional service, it is reset to a default ser- vice. The default service is an unbound interactive service (added without the -o or -ptty_list flags) which has the same name as the LAT node name. This service is used for incoming interactive connections to the DIGITAL UNIX LAT host through getty routines that are spawned in the /etc/inittab file. Note: All learned services and reserved services are not removed from the learned services database. Enabling or Disabling Outgoing Port Groups Syntax: latcp [-u | -U]list Enables (-u) or disables (-U) the outgoing port groups specified in the list. Outgoing port groups range from 0 to 255. Group 0 is enabled by default. If you enter a group list, use commas (,) to separate individual groups. If the string exceeds the width of the screen, it must wrap to the following line; do not use a carriage return to break a string. Individual group codes are separated by commas with no spaces. For example: # latcp -u 1,10,100,200 Outgoing port groups restrict access to services in the network that belong to the specified groups. Your local system can ac- cess only those service nodes associated with the outgoing port groups specified. DESCRIPTION The latcp utility provides the essential functions for LAT control and management. It allows nonprivileged users to display host, port, cir- cuit, and server information and privileged users to perform the fol- lowing tasks: Add, delete, change, and display service and port attrib- utes Add and delete network interface adapters Add, delete, and display reserved services Bind and unbind LAT devices to specific services Map and unmap outgoing LAT devices to remote services Change the node name Enable and disable node group codes, node agent status, and outgoing port groups Purge non-reserved learned services Set and display maximum number of learned services Display learned services Display remote node information Change service rating Display and reset counter information Start and stop the LAT driver When LAT automatic startup and shutdown is enabled, the /sbin/init.d/lat script is executed upon reaching run level 3. When this script is executed, it reads and executes the latcp commands in the /etc/latstartup.conf file (if it exists). LAT automatic startup and shutdown can be enabled or disabled with the latsetup utility. See the Network Administration manual for additional information. The latcp program only effects one operation per invocation. There- fore, you can only specify one command on a command line. For introductory information on LAT, see the lat_intro(7) reference page. Service, Node, and Port Names Some of the flags require that you specify a name for the service, node, or port. The names can contain 1 to 16 of the following ASCII characters: Uppercase letters A to Z Lowercase letters a to z Lowercase letters are converted to uppercase. Digits 0 to 9 Pe- riod (.) Underscore (_) Hyphen (-) You cannot use a hyphen as the first character. FILES Specifies the LAT control device. RELATED INFORMATION Commands: llogin(1), latsetup(8) Network Services: lat_intro(7), lat_manual_setup(7) Network Administration delim off latcp(8)