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id(1) General Commands Manual id(1) NAME id - Displays the user's system identity SYNOPSIS id [user] id -G [-n] [user] id -g [-nr] [user] id -u [-nr] [user] id -a STANDARDS Interfaces documented on this reference page conform to industry stan- dards as follows: id: XPG4, XPG4-UNIX Refer to the standards(5) reference page for more information about in- dustry standards and associated tags. OPTIONS Displays all groups ids (real, effective, and supplementary) only, as unsigned decimal numbers. Displays only the effective group id as an unsigned decimal number. Displays user and group names as strings rather than as numbers. Displays only the real ID. Displays only the effective user ID as an unsigned decimal number. [DIGITAL] Displays user and all group IDs and names if the environment variable CMD_ENV is set to the string svr4. OPERANDS The user for whom information is to be written. If this parameter is omitted, the user and group names associ- ated with the invoking process are used. DESCRIPTION The id command writes to standard output a message containing the user and group IDs and corresponding names of the invoking process. If ef- fective names and IDs do not match the real ones, the id command writes both. If user is specified and the invoking process has sufficient privi- leges, the IDs and names in the message are for user rather than for the invoking process. Effective IDs are assumed identical to real IDs. Your real user and group ids are specified in the /etc/passwd file and are your user and group ids on login. You can change your active group with the newgrp shell command (see newgrp(1)) if additional groups are specified for you in the /etc/group file. Such groups are called sup- plementary . A process can also have an effective user or group id set when a set- user- or set-group-identifier program is executed. See setuid(2), set- gid(2). SVID Conformance [DIGITAL] When the environment variable CMD_ENV is set to the string svr4, the command syntax and output is compatible with the SVID stan- dard. In particular, the id command with no options displays the user's name and id and the real and effective group names and ids. The -a op- tion adds any supplementary group names and ids to the display. EXIT STATUS The following exit values are returned: Successful completion. An er- ror occurred. EXAMPLES To display your user and group IDs, enter: id Information is displayed similar to: uid=200(thomas) gid=1(staff) In the case where a user belongs to a supplementary group, in- formation is displayed similar to: uid=200(thomas) gid=1(staff) groups=0(system) However, if the environment variable CMD_ENV is set to the string svr4, the command id with no options does not display any supplementary groups and results in a display similar to: uid=200(thomas) gid=1(staff) To display supplementary groups with CMD_ENV set to svr4, use the command id -a. The display is then similar to: uid=200(thomas) gid=1(staff) groups=1(users),0(system) ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES The following environment variables affect the execution of id: [DIGI- TAL] When this environment variable CMD_ENV is set to the string svr4, the command syntax and output is compatible with the SVID standard. The -a option is only available in this condition. Provides a default value for the internationalization variables that are unset or null. If LANG is unset or null, the corresponding value from the default locale is used. If any of the internationalization variables contain an in- valid setting, the utility behaves as if none of the variables had been defined. If set to a non-empty string value, overrides the values of all the other internationalization variables. Determines the locale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes of text data as characters (for example, single-byte as opposed to multibyte characters in argu- ments). Determines the locale for the format and contents of diagnos- tic messages written to standard error. Determines the location of message catalogues for the processing of LC_MESSAGES. FILES Group names declared on the system. Password file. SEE ALSO Commands: groups(1), logname(1), newgrp(1), who(1) Functions: getgid(2), getuid(2), setgid(2), setuid(2) Files: group(4), passwd(4) Environment: environ(5) Standards: standards(5) id(1)