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dxlsm(8X) dxlsm(8X) NAME dxlsm - Graphical interface, also called the Visual Administrator, for the Logical Storage Manager (LSM) SYNOPSIS /usr/bin/X11/dxlsm [-options] OPTIONS Specifies the color of the window's background (color displays only). The default is white. Specifies the display screen on which dxlsm dis- plays its window. If the display option is not specified, dxlsm uses the display screen specified by your DISPLAY environment variable. The display variable has the format hostname:number. Using two colons (::) instead of one (:) indicates that DECnet is to be used for transport. The default is :0. For more information, see X(1X). Specifies the color of the text (color displays only). The default is black. Speci- fies the width, length, and location of the dxlsm window. If the geome- try option is not specified, dxlsm uses default values. The geometry option has the format =[width][xlength][x][y]. For more information about the screen coordinate system, see X(1X). Brings up a help screen that displays the dxlsm options. Uses a monochrome display instead of color. Instead of using color to differentiate icons, the display uses bitmap patterns of varying textures and shades. Specifies the title for the dxlsm window. Sets the specified X resource for the current dxlsm session. See the X DEFAULTS section of this reference page for a list of the resources you can set. Suppresses a reminder message that is issued by default when dxlsm is used in a TruCluster Production Server or TruCluster Available Server configuration. Unless suppressed, this message is displayed each time dxlsm starts up and whenever the configuration is changed. DESCRIPTION The Visual Administrator (dxlsm) is a graphical user interface (GUI) for LSM. The Visual Administrator interface provides the user with graphical elements such as icons, windows, and menus to ease the task of manipulating the LSM configuration. Note that the Visual Adminis- trator software is included with the base system software, but it re- quires a separate LSM license to run. The graphical interface is designed primarily for disk and volume oper- ations. For example, you can use it to add and rename disks; to ini- tialize and remove diskgroups; to mirror volumes, and to create, change, and remove volumes, plexes, and subdisks. You can also use dxlsm to display information about disks and volumes. In addition to the disk and volume operations, the Visual Administrator provides a limited set of file system operations. For example, you can create and mirror file sytems. The Visual Administrator interface provides a consistent view of the LSM configuration. If a configuration or its objects are changed while a Visual Administrator session is running, the icons representing those objects automatically alter themselves to reflect such changes. The icons adjust themselves in this manner, regardless of whether the changes were made by the Visual Administrator itself or by another LSM interface. Before you can start the LSM Visual Administrator, you must be logged into an account that has superuser privileges. To start the Visual Ad- ministrator from the command line, enter the dxlsm command as follows: # dxlsm When dxlsm comes up, it displays the main LSM Visual Administrator win- dow, called the root window, and the View of rootdg window. Mouse Buttons A two- or three-button mouse is required in order to use dxlsm. The following table describes the default mouse buttons, referred to as the MB1, MB2, and MB3 buttons. lw(1.3i) lw(1.4i) lw(1.2i) lw(2.9i). _ T{ Virtual Mouse Button T} T{ 3-Button Access T} T{ 2-Button Access T} Function _ MB1 Left Left Selects a single icon. MB2 Middle Ctrl-Left T{ Se- lects either one or multiple icons simultaneously. T} MB3 Right Right T{ Views properties of an object. If the icon is not undergoing analysis, it displays the properties form for that object. If the icon is undergoing analysis, it displays the analysis statistics form for that object. T} Shift-MB1 Shift-Left Shift- Left T{ Toggles between minimizing or maximizing an icon. T} Shift-MB2 Shift-Middle Ctrl-Right T{ Toggles between starting or stopping projection on the selected icon. T} Shift-MB3 Shift- Right Shift-Right T{ Displays the properties form for the object, regardless of whether analysis is in effect. T} _ Icons The Visual Administrator interface uses icons to represent the follow- ing LSM objects: volumes plexes subdisks disks Disk groups are represented as view windows rather than icons. The icons representing LSM disks, volumes, and other objects belonging to a particular disk group are all displayed within the view of the disk group. The following list describes the icons and their charac- teristics. Physical disks appear as cylindrical icons labeled PD. These icons represent physical disks known to dxlsm. Physical disk icons appear in the View of Disks window. Partitions appear as rectan- gular icons within physical disk icons. The partition icon is labeled with the device name. If a disk has been added to a disk group, the corresponding partition icon is shaded. Partition icons appear in the View of Disks window. LSM disks appear as cylindrical icons labeled D usually contain subdisks, which are represented as rectangles. LSM disk icons represent disks that are both under LSM control and assigned to a disk group. LSM disk icons are labeled with the disk name, by default. LSM disk icons typically appear in a disk group view. Subdisks appear within LSM disks (and often within plexes) as rectangular shaped icons. Subdisk icons typically appear in disk group views or in the View of Volumes window. Log subdisks (used to log recent disk activity) have icons with double borders to distinguish them from regular subdisk icons. Plexes appear either alone or within volumes as relatively large rectangles containing subdisks. Plex icons have a heavy border to distinguish them from partition or subdisk icons. Plex icons typically appear in disk group views or in the View of Volumes window. Volumes appear as cylindrical icons labeled V. These icons often contain plex and subdisk icons. Volume icons are distinguished from disk icons by a heavy border. Volume icons typically appear in disk group views or in the View of Volumes window. With some operations, icons are updated almost instantly to reflect the results of the operation just per- formed. During other operations, it may take awhile for a particular icon to update itself. While being updated, icons are prevented from accepting input or undergoing configuration changes. Since an icon that is busy being updated should not be selected or manipulated, dxlsm greys out the text in that icon so that the user is aware that it is temporarily inaccessible. No input is accepted by an icon while it is greyed out. As soon as the icon is fully updated, it returns to its normal visual state and accepts input again. Icons that are temporarily greyed out in this manner are also referred to as blocked icons. There are two ways to manipulate icons, as described here: The user first selects an icon by positioning the pointer on it and then click- ing MB1 (when selecting a single icon) or MB2 (when selecting multiple icons) button. The mouse or keyboard can then be used to choose an op- eration (typically from a menu) to be applied to the selected icons. The user drags an icon and then drops it elsewhere. An icon is dragged by holding down MB1 and then moving the mouse, which moves an outline of that icon. The icon can then be positioned in a different location or on top of another icon and dropped there by releasing MB1. The re- sulting operation depends on the icon type and drop location. Depending on the type of monitor you are using, the Visual Administra- tor employs color or bitmap patterns to indicate the following: State of an icon Activity level of an icon Relationships between icons Fail- ure of an operation It is possible for a single icon to be in multiple states represented by different colors or patterns at once. For example, a given icon may be both selected and under projection at the same time. In such cases, the reflects the color or pattern that represents the highest priority. The following is the priority list for possible icon states, starting with the highest priority: Blocked Error Selected Projected Analyzed Enabled An icon that is in the blocked state (highest priority) is one that is currently busy and cannot allow any mouse or keyboard input. The text within a blocked icon is greyed out to indicate that it is inaccessi- ble. If a color monitor is used, the default colors are red, yellow, grey and green. If a monochrome monitor is used, bitmap patterns of varying textures and shades are used instead of colors. By default, standard X Window System bitmaps (typically located in either /usr/in- clude/X11/bitmaps or /usr/bin/X11/bitmaps) are used to create these patterns. The following table describes the values for the default colors and bitmap patterns associated with icons under different conditions. See the X DEFAULTS section of this reference page for information about changing the default colors and patterns. l l l. _ Situation Color Bitmap Pattern _ selected icon royal blue gray3 disabled icon light grey stripe4 alarmed icon red gray1 free subdisk icon light grey root_weave projec- tion deep pink root_weave analysis: low green cross_weave analysis: medium yellow root_weave analysis: high red wide_weave _ Windows and Views Once you start the Visual Administrator, any of the view windows can be accessed via the root window. Views are special windows that display icons representing all LSM objects or a subset of objects currently known to LSM. When the Visual Administrator comes up, it displays the main Visual Ad- ministrator window (also known as the root window). The root window contains a menu bar and a set of buttons. The set of buttons varies slightly depending on whether you have RAID (Redundant Arrays of Inde- pendent Disks) subsystems installed on your system. The menu bar con- tains the following pull-down menu items: Closes the current window or exits the Visual Administrator interface completely Creates and manipu- lates user views Sets user preferences when using the Visual Adminis- trator GUI Accesses the help facility From the Visual Administrator root window, you can use the pull-down Views menu to get to the views windows. With views, you can examine and manipulate different parts of the physical and logical storage sys- tems. You can add or remove icons from views only by using the LSM Vi- sual Administrator. Each view window title includes the name of the machine on which the session is running. The Visual Administrator root window provides a view button area con- taining a button for every view on the system. Views are accessed by clicking MB1 on one of the view buttons in the views subwindow. The Visual Administrator allows for two types of views: default views and user-created views. Both types function identically, but certain restrictions are placed on default views. Default views cannot be re- moved or renamed by the user, as user-created views can. Click on the mouse buttons to access the default view windows described in the following table. lw(1.1i) l lw(4.3i). _ T{ Menu Buttons T} Window Access _ Disks View of Disks Displays all physical disks on the system Volumes View of Volumes T{ Displays all volumes, as well as plexes and associated subdisks, on the system T} World View of World T{ Displays everything on the system including physical and LSM disks, volumes, and other objects T} rootdg View of rootdg T{ Displays everything in the default disk group, rootdg, including LSM disks, vol- umes, and other objects T} _ A user-created view is a view window that focuses on a particular part of a physical and a logical mass storage system, as defined by the sys- tem administrator. The system administrator can create views consisting of a selected collection of icons. For example, a user might create a special view to correspond to a physical or logical grouping (such as a view for the accounting department). User-created views enable the user to isolate part of the mass storage subsystem to observe or moni- tor that part of the configuration. User-created views differ from default views in that they contain copies of icons from default views. Operations performed on these icon copies are reflected in the default views that display the affected icons. However, icons that appear in user-created views are not always updated whenever those icons are altered in the corresponding default view. User-created views can be created using the Views pull-down menu from the Visual Administrator root window. Once created, icons can be added to a new view window by copying them over from existing views via the Icon menu. The rootdg Window By default, the View of rootdg window, which contains objects belonging to the rootdg disk group, appears immediately after the Visual Adminis- trator window displays. You should perform operations in the View of rootdg window or in an- other disk group view whenever possible. The View of rootdg window has a menu bar containing the following menu items: Closes the current window or exits the Visual Administrator com- pletely Accesses basic volume, file system, and disk operations Ac- cesses advanced operations involving volumes, disks, and other LSM ob- jects Analyzes and displays the activity level of objects Illustrates the relationships between certain objects Sets user preferences for us- ing the GUI. Also displays the Command Info window Manipulates icons Accesses the help facility Disk Operations This section lists the disk operations you can perform using the Visual Administrator. Disk groups are represented visually as disk group views rather than icons. To view the objects in a particular disk group, click MB1 on the appropriate disk group button in the Visual Administrator window. A View of Disks window appears. Physical disk icons containing partition icons are displayed in this window. Disks under LSM control contain partition icons that are colored or patterned. Note that the View of rootdg window is the view of the disks that belong to the rootdg disk group. To display information about for a particular LSM disk, in the View of rootdg or appropriate disk group view, click MB3 on the disk icon whose properties you want to view. The disk's properties form appears, dis- playing detailed information about the disk. For example, the proper- ties form includes a field that shows the maximum free space available on that disk. It is possible to alter certain characteristics of the disk by editing the appropriate properties form field and then clicking MB1 on Apply. For example, you can use the properties form to change the name of a disk. For the following operations, in the appropriate view window, begin by selecting Disk Group from the Advanced-Ops menu. Add a disk to a disk group Deport a disk group Import a disk group Note that you can be in any view window to import a disk group. Remove a disk from a disk group After you remove a disk from a disk group, select the Disk menu from the Advanced-Ops menu and select Remove Disk. See the manual Logical Storage Manager for more information on disk op- erations. Volume Operations The volume operations are performed from the View of rootdg window for the rootdg disk group or from the appropriate disk group view for other disk groups. To display information about a volume, in the View of rootdg or appro- priate disk group view, click MB3 on the volume icon whose properties you want to view. The volume's properties form appears, displaying de- tailed information about the volume. It is possible to alter certain characteristics of the volume (such as its name) by editing the appro- priate properties form field and then clicking MB1 on Apply. To perform the following volume operations using the Visual Administra- tor, from the appropriate disk view, select Volume Operations from the Basic-Ops menu: Create a simple volume If you want to specify the disk where the volume will reside, click MB1 on the desired disk icon, before selecting Volume Op- erations from the Basic-Ops menu. Otherwise, LSM will select the disk for you. Create a striped volume Mirror a volume Resize a volume, either by extending or shrinking it Remove a volume To back up a volume, follow these steps: In View of rootdg or the ap- propriate disk group view, select the volume you want to back up. Se- lect Basic-OPs -> Volume Operations -> Snapshot -> Snapstart. For UFS volumes, you may want to unmount the file system briefly, to ensure that the snapshot data on disk is consistent and complete. Select Ba- sic-Ops -> Volume Operations -> Snapshot -> Snapshot. In the Snapshot Form, either accept the default snapshot name or fill in a new name, then click MB1 on Apply to complete the backup snapshot. Note that normal usage of the original volume can now resume. Back up the snap- shot volume to tape. Remove the snapshot volume by first selecting it and then selecting the following menu items: Basic-Ops -> Volume Operations -> Remove Volumes Recursively See the manual Logical Storage Manager for more information on volume operations. File System Operations The file system operations are performed from the View of rootdg window for the rootdg disk group or from the appropriate disk group view for other disk groups. To perform the following file system operations, from the appropriate disk view, first select UFS Operations from the Basic-Ops menu: Create a file system on a simple or striped volume Make a file system This operation is different from creating a file system, in that in this operation, the volume on which you create the file sys- tem already exists. Mount a file system Umount a file system Display a mounted file system To mirror a file system, select the following: Basic-Ops -> Volume Op- erations -> Add Mirror See the manual Logical Storage Manager for more information on file system operations. Analyze Menu The Analyze menu, available from the View of rootdg and other disk group views, allows you to display statistics about the performance of LSM objects. Note that only volume and LSM disk icons can be selected for analysis. To start analysis, select one or more LSM disk and volume icons and then select Start from the Analyze menu. Select Parameters from the Analyze menu to specify user preferences for analysis. For example, you can specify the cutoff values for coloring or patterning of the icons under analysis. When an icon is under analysis, you can display the Analysis Statistics form for that icon by clicking the MB3 button on the icon. Because the MB3 button is normally used to access an icon's properties form, use the Shift-MB3 button to access the properties form of an icon undergo- ing analysis instead. See the manual Logical Storage Manager for more information on the Ana- lyze menu. Projection Projection is the technique that the Visual Administrator uses to show relationships between icons that represent LSM objects. Projection is illustrated using color (deep pink is the default) or bitmap patterns. Projection highlights those objects that the selected object is com- posed of and illustrates the relationship between the objects. For ex- ample, if a volume is selected for projection, the corresponding sub- disks are highlighted within the volume icon and also on the appropri- ate disk icons. If the selected icon has no associated objects, the Vi- sual Administrator issues a warning to this effect. To show the projection of a particular icon, click the MB2 button on the icon while holding down the Shift key (Shift-MB2). To stop projec- tion, press Shift-MB2 again. You can also start and stop projection by selecting an icon and then using the Icon Projection submenu of the Projection menu. Volume, plex, subdisk, and LSM disk icons can be selected for projec- tion. Projection does not apply to physical disk or partition icons. Projection may be requested in any view. When an icon is highlighted by projection, all icons representing that object in all view windows where it appears are highlighted. See the manual Logical Storage Manager for more information on projec- tion. RESTRICTIONS The Disk Operations menu under the Basic Ops menu is not currently sup- ported. For disk operations, use the disk menus under the Advanced Ops menu. X DEFAULTS This section lists X resources that can be used to configure the Visual Administrator according to personal preferences and system require- ments. The Visual Administrator resources and associated preferences can be specified in your file. A file with default dxlsm entries is located in /usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/DXlsm. The entries in this file are com- mented out. You can uncomment the lines that you want to enable. Refer also to your X window system documentation on X resources for further information. The default values specified here correspond to those defaults compiled into the Visual Administrator. Preferences specified in the system's app-defaults file may change these defaults. The entries in the file should take the following form: DXlsm*resource: value For example, the color used to represent a disabled icon can be altered from the default color (light grey) to orange by editing the file to include the following line: DXlsm*disabledPixel: orange The dxlsm-related resources can also be specified for a single session only by invoking the Visual Administrator using the following syntax: dxlsm -xrm dxlsm*resource: value The default values can be changed according to user preferences. The resources are listed to the left with their default values to the right. Each resource-value pair is followed by a brief description. Color Resources The following resources apply only when the Visual Administrator is run on a color monitor: The color in which all foreground items are dis- played. This typically applies to icon outlines and text. The color that serves as the background for all windows in the Visual Administra- tor. The color of icons that have been selected. The color of icons that are disabled and cannot be used by Visual Administrator (for exam- ple, detached plexes). The color of icons that have been selected when an error occurs (for example, incorrectly selected icons). The color of subdisk icons that are free (unassociated) when Show Free Subdisks has been turned on. The color of icons that are projecting (displaying object relationships) when Icon Projection has been turned on for that icon or a related icon. The color of icons that have a low usage level (as defined in the Analysis Properties Form) when analysis has been turned on for that icon or a related icon. The color of icons that have a medium usage level (as defined in the Analysis Properties Form) when analysis has been turned on for that icon or a related icon. The color of icons that have a high usage level (as defined in the Analysis Properties Form) when analysis has been turned on for that icon or a related icon. When True is specified, the Visual Administrator is forced to operate in monochrome (black and white) mode, whether or not a color monitor is being used. Monochrome Resources The following resources apply only when the Visual Administrator is run on a monochrome monitor: The color in which all foreground items are displayed. This typically applies to icon outlines and text. The color that serves as the background for all windows in the Visual Administra- tor. The bitmap pattern for icons that have been selected. The bitmap pattern for icons that are disabled and cannot be used by the Visual Administrator (detached plexes, for example). The bitmap pattern for icons that have been selected when an error occurs (incorrectly se- lected icons, for example). The bitmap pattern for subdisk icons that are free (unassociated) when Show Free Subdisks has been turned on. The bitmap pattern for icons that are projecting (displaying object re- lationships) when Icon Projection has been turned on for that icon or a related icon. The bitmap pattern for icons that have a low usage level (as defined in the Analysis Properties Form) when analysis has been turned on for that icon or a related icon. The bitmap pattern for icons that have a medium usage level (as defined in the Analysis Prop- erties Form) when analysis has been turned on for that icon or a re- lated icon. The bitmap pattern for icons that have a high usage level (as defined in the Analysis Properties Form) when analysis has been turned on for that icon or a related icon. Icon Resources The following resources relate to icons: When True is specified, volume icons will be minimized when created, by default. When True is speci- fied, plex icons will be minimized when created, by default. This fea- ture is useful to display structures within volumes, but to hide de- tails about the subdisk structure that makes up the plex. When True is specified, disk icons will be minimized when created, by default. When True is specified, physical disk icons will be minimized when created, by default. When True is specified, icons selected for an operation are automatically deselected when the operation completes. If set to False, icons are remain selected until the user decides to deselect them, making it possible to perform multiple operations on the same set of selected icons. Miscellaneous Resources The following are miscellaneous dxlsm-related resources: When True is specified to IsvalHelp, the Visual Administrator displays a help mes- sage (including command line option usage information) in a window at program start up. This is the title of the application's root window. This describes the font to be used for all text within the Visual Ad- ministrator. Use this to specify the number of command silos sup- ported. A command silo is a set of sequentially dependent commands (like file system create, followed by file system mount). A larger number of silos supports a larger number of concurrent operations that can be run, but also requires the Visual Administrator to use more mem- ory. Use commandHistorySize to specify the number of commands that the Visual Administrator should remember and display in the history portion of the Command Info Window. Use defaultViewWindow to specify the name of the disk group to be popped up by default when the Visual Adminis- trator is run. Use chkMntptInterval to specify how often, in seconds, the Visual Administrator should check the system mount table to accu- rately display information about mounted file systems. When True is specified to twoButtonMouse, the Visual Administrator remaps the mouse buttons for a two button mouse. Window Adjustments On small displays (such as those with a graphical resolution of 640x480), some windows or forms may be too long to fit entirely on the screen and the bottom area of these windows/forms may not be visible. If this is the case, the window manager's move function (ALT-F7, by de- fault) can be used to move the window or form so that all areas and form buttons are visible. Another technique that may allow forms to fit better on a small screen is to start up dxlsm as follows: # dxlsm -xrm dxlsm*propertiesForm*mar- ginHeight: 1 This resource specification causes forms to appear shorter than normal. To achieve similar results, you can add the following lines to your $HOME/.Xdefaults file: dxlsm*propertiesForm*marginHeight: 1 dxlsm*propertiesForm*marginWidth: 1 FILES SEE ALSO X(1X), dxsession(1X), volassist(8), volintro(8) Logical Storage Manager dxlsm(8X)