DU(1) FreeBSD General Commands Manual DU(1)
NAME
du - display disk usage statistics
SYNOPSIS
du [-achkrsx] [-H | -L | -P] [-d depth] [file ...]
DESCRIPTION
The du utility displays the file system block usage for each file
argument and for each directory in the file hierarchy rooted in each
directory argument. Note that the system block usage is usually greater
than the actual size of the file. If no file is specified, the block
usage of the hierarchy rooted in the current directory is displayed.
The options are as follows:
-a Display entries for files in addition to entries for directories.
-c Display the grand total after all the arguments have been
processed.
-d depth
Do not display entries for files and directories more than depth
levels deep; -d 0 has the same effect as -s. Overrides earlier
-d and -s options.
-H Symbolic links on the command line are followed. Symbolic links
encountered in the tree traversal are not followed.
-h "Human-readable" output. Use unit suffixes: Byte, Kilobyte,
Megabyte, Gigabyte, Terabyte, Petabyte, Exabyte in order to
reduce the number of digits to four or less.
-k By default, all sizes are reported in 512-byte block counts. The
-k option causes the numbers to be reported in kilobyte counts.
-L All symbolic links are followed.
-P No symbolic links are followed.
-r Generate messages about directories that cannot be read, files
that cannot be opened, and so on. This is the default.
-s Display only the total for each of the specified files and
directories. Overrides earlier -d options.
-x File system mount points are not traversed.
It is not an error to specify more than one of the mutually exclusive
options -h and -k. Where more than one of these options is specified,
the last option given overrides the others.
du counts the storage used by symbolic links and not the files they
reference unless the -H or -L option is specified. If either the -H or
-L options are specified, storage used by any symbolic links which are
followed is not counted or displayed. The -H, -L, and -P options
override each other and the command's actions are determined by the last
one specified.
Files having multiple hard links are counted (and displayed) a single
time per du execution.
ENVIRONMENT
BLOCKSIZE Block counts will be displayed in units of this size block,
unless the -k or -h option is specified.
EXIT STATUS
The du utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.
EXAMPLES
Display a summary of files and folders in the current directory, sorted
by size:
$ du -had 1 | sort -h
SEE ALSO
df(1), fts_open(3), symlink(7), quot(8)
STANDARDS
The du utility is compliant with the IEEE Std 1003.1-2008 ("POSIX.1")
specification.
The flags [-cdhP], as well as the BLOCKSIZE environment variable, are
extensions to that specification.
The flag [-r] is accepted but ignored, for compatibility with systems
implementing the obsolete X/Open Commands and Utilities Issue 5 ("XCU5")
standard.
HISTORY
The du utility first appeared in Version 1 AT&T UNIX.
AUTHORS
This version of du was written by Chris Newcomb for 4.3BSD-Reno in 1989
and incorporates later contributions from Elan Amir, Keith Bostic, Luke
Mewburn, Matt Bing, and Can Erkin Acar <
[email protected]>.
FreeBSD 14.1-RELEASE-p8 September 7, 2022 FreeBSD 14.1-RELEASE-p8