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du(1) General Commands Manual du(1) NAME du - Displays a summary of disk usage SYNOPSIS du [-a|-s] [-klrx] [directory...] STANDARDS Interfaces documented on this reference page conform to industry stan- dards as follows: du: XPG4, XPG4-UNIX Refer to the standards(5) reference page for more information about in- dustry standards and associated tags. OPTIONS Displays disk use for each file. Without -a, du does not report on files unless directory explicitly names a file. Displays only the grand total for each of the specified directories, or for a file if used with -a. Displays block count in kilobytes (1024 bytes) instead of multiples of 512 bytes. [DIGITAL] Allocates blocks, in files with multiple links, evenly among the links. By default, a file with two or more links is counted only once. Displays an error message when du en- counters an inaccessible directory, or an inaccessible file when used with -a. Displays information about only the specified file system. For example, if you want to display information about only the root file system, specify both the -x option and the root file system (/). OPERANDS The path name of a directory to be examined. All subdirectories of di- rectory are examined. If directory evaluates to a file name, then only information about the file is provided. DESCRIPTION The du command gives the number of blocks in all directories (listed recursively) within each specified directory. [DIGITAL] When the -a option is specified, du reports the number of blocks in individual files. The block count includes the indirect blocks of each file and is in 512-byte units, independent of the clus- ter size used by the system. If no file or directory name is provided, the du command uses the current directory. NOTES If too many files are distinctly linked, du counts the excess files more than once. EXIT STATUS The following exit values are returned: Successful completion. An er- ror occurred. EXAMPLES To display the disk usage of a directory tree and each of its subtrees, enter: du /u/fran The previous command displays the number of disk blocks in the /u/fran directory and each of its subdirectories. To display the disk usage of each file, enter: du -a /u/fran The previous command displays the number of disk blocks con- tained in each file and subdirectory of /u/fran. The number be- side a directory is the disk usage of that directory tree. The number beside a regular file is the disk usage of that file alone. To display only the total disk usage of a directory tree, enter: du -rs /u/fran The previous command displays only the sum total disk usage of /u/fran and the files it contains (-s). The -r option tells du to display an error message if it cannot read a file or direc- tory. To restrict the disk usage information to the root (/) file system, enter: du -x / The previous command displays information only about the root file system and does not display information about the file sys- tems located under the root file system. ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES The following environment variables affect the execution of du: Pro- vides a default value for the internationalization variables that are unset or null. If LANG is unset or null, the corresponding value from the default locale is used. If any of the internationalization vari- ables contain an invalid setting, the utility behaves as if none of the variables had been defined. If set to a non-empty string value, over- rides the values of all the other internationalization variables. De- termines the locale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes of text data as characters (for example, single-byte as opposed to multi- byte characters in arguments). Determines the locale for the format and contents of diagnostic messages written to standard error. Deter- mines the location of message catalogues for the processing of LC_MES- SAGES. SEE ALSO Commands: df(1), ls(1), quot(8) Functions: lseek(2), stat(2) Routines: fseek(3) Standards: standards(5) du(1)