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CC(1) General Commands Manual CC(1) NAME cc, pcc - C compiler SYNOPSIS cc [ option ] ... file ... pcc [ option ] ... file ... DESCRIPTION Cc is the UNIX C compiler. It accepts several types of arguments: Arguments whose names end with `.c' are taken to be C source programs; they are compiled, and each object program is left on the file whose name is that of the source with `.o' substituted for `.c'. The `.o' file is normally deleted, however, if a single C program is compiled and loaded all at one go. In the same way, arguments whose names end with `.s' are taken to be assembly source programs and are assembled, producing a `.o' file. The following options are interpreted by cc. See ld(1) for load-time options. -c Suppress the loading phase of the compilation, and force an ob- ject file to be produced even if only one program is compiled. -p Arrange for the compiler to produce code which counts the num- ber of times each routine is called; also, if loading takes place, replace the standard startup routine by one which auto- matically calls monitor(3) at the start and arranges to write out a mon.out file at normal termination of execution of the object program. An execution profile can then be generated by use of prof(1). -f In systems without hardware floating-point, use a version of the C compiler which handles floating-point constants and loads the object program with the floating-point interpreter. Do not use if the hardware is present. -O Invoke an object-code optimizer. -S Compile the named C programs, and leave the assembler-language output on corresponding files suffixed `.s'. -P Run only the macro preprocessor and place the result for each `.c' file in a corresponding `.i' file and has no `#' lines in it. -E Run only the macro preprocessor and send the result to the standard output. The output is intended for compiler debug- ging; it is unacceptable as input to cc. -o output Name the final output file output. If this option is used the file `a.out' will be left undisturbed. -Dname=def -Dname Define the name to the preprocessor, as if by `#define'. If no definition is given, the name is defined as 1. -Uname Remove any initial definition of name. -Idir `#include' files whose names do not begin with `/' are always sought first in the directory of the file argument, then in di- rectories named in -I options, then in directories on a stan- dard list. -Bstring Find substitute compiler passes in the files named string with the suffixes cpp, c0, c1 and c2. If string is empty, use a standard backup version. -t[p012] Find only the designated compiler passes in the files whose names are constructed by a -B option. In the absence of a -B option, the string is taken to be `/usr/c/'. Other arguments are taken to be either loader option arguments, or C- compatible object programs, typically produced by an earlier cc run, or perhaps libraries of C-compatible routines. These programs, together with the results of any compilations specified, are loaded (in the or- der given) to produce an executable program with name a.out. The major purpose of the `portable C compiler', pcc, is to serve as a model on which to base other compilers. Pcc does not support options -f, -E, -B, and -t. It provides, in addition to the language of cc, unsigned char type data and initialized bit fields. FILES file.c input file file.o object file a.out loaded output /tmp/ctm? temporaries for cc /lib/cpp preprocessor /lib/c[01] compiler for cc /usr/c/oc[012] backup compiler for cc /usr/c/ocpp backup preprocessor /lib/fc[01] floating-point compiler /lib/c2 optional optimizer /lib/crt0.o runtime startoff /lib/mcrt0.o startoff for profiling /lib/fcrt0.o startoff for floating-point interpretation /lib/libc.a standard library, see intro(3) /usr/include standard directory for `#include' files /tmp/pc* temporaries for pcc /usr/lib/ccom compiler for pcc SEE ALSO B. W. Kernighan and D. M. Ritchie, The C Programming Language, Pren- tice-Hall, 1978 D. M. Ritchie, C Reference Manual monitor(3), prof(1), adb(1), ld(1) DIAGNOSTICS The diagnostics produced by C itself are intended to be self-explana- tory. Occasional messages may be produced by the assembler or loader. Of these, the most mystifying are from the assembler, as(1), in partic- ular `m', which means a multiply-defined external symbol (function or data). BUGS Pcc is little tried on the PDP11; specialized code generated for that machine has not been well shaken down. The -O optimizer was designed to work with cc; its use with pcc is suspect. PDP11 CC(1)